摘 要

本文以研究最适宜乌桕容器苗生长发育的基质配比为目的，将菜园土、泥炭、珍珠岩以不同配比制成不同基质对乌桕容器苗进行试验。比较分析不同基质下生长的乌桕容器的苗高、地径、高径比、干重、鲜重、地上干重、地下干重、QI、根系总长、根系表面积、根系体积、等形态指标，以及乌桕容器苗茎内的可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、氮含量等生理指标的差异。应用模糊数学的隶属函数法将各指标数字化，根据多项指标综合分析了不同培养基质下的乌桕容器苗的苗木质量并筛选出培育乌桕容器苗的最佳基质配比。其研究结果如下：

试验采用了10种基质配比：分别为K1（100%菜园土），K2（90%泥炭＋10%珍珠岩），K3（70%泥炭＋30%珍珠岩），K4（50%泥炭＋50%珍珠岩），K5（90%菜园土＋10%珍珠岩），K6（70%菜园土＋30%珍珠岩），K7（50%菜园土＋50%珍珠岩），K8（20%菜园土＋60%泥炭＋20%珍珠岩），K9（40%菜园土＋40%泥炭＋20%珍珠岩），K10（60%菜园土＋20%泥炭＋20%珍珠岩）。通过对不同基质配比所培育的乌桕容器苗生长和生理特性的分析，结合苗木质量综合评价，发现不同基质配比对乌桕容器苗生长发育有显著的影响（P＜0.05）。通过分析，得出本次试验的结果为：K3（70%泥炭＋30%珍珠岩）＞K5（90%菜园土＋10%珍珠岩）＞K9（40%菜园土＋40%泥炭＋20%珍珠岩）＞K1（100%菜园土）＞K2（90%泥炭＋10%珍珠岩）＞K6（70%菜园土＋30%珍珠岩）＞K10（60%菜园土＋20%泥炭＋20%珍珠岩）＞K7（50%菜园土＋50%珍珠岩）gt;K8（20%菜园土＋60%泥炭＋20%珍珠岩）＞K4（50%泥炭＋50%珍珠岩）。K3（70%泥炭＋30%珍珠岩）所培育的乌桕容器苗在苗木质量的综合评价上表现较好，更适合作为乌桕容器苗的培育基质。

关键词：乌桕；不同基质；容器育苗；苗木质量

Effects of different substrates on the quality of Sapium sebiferum container seedlings

ABSTRACT

In order to study the most suitable matrix proportion for the growth and development of Sapium sebiferum container seedlings, this paper made different matrix from vegetable garden soil, peat and perlite to test the quality of Sapium sebiferum container seedlings. By comparing and analyzing the seedling height, ground diameter, height-diameter ratio, dry weight, fresh weight, ground dry weight, underground dry weight, QI, root length, root surface area, root volume, and other morphological indicators, as well as the differences of soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, nitrogen content and other physiological indicators in the stem of Sapium sebiferum container seedlings grown under different substrates. The membership function method of fuzzy mathematics was used to digitalize the indicators, and the seedling quality of container seedlings of Sapium sebiferum under different culture media was comprehensively analyzed according to a number of indicators, and the optimum proportioning medium for cultivating container seedlings of Sapium sebiferum was screened out. The results are as follows:

The ten kinds of substrate formulations used in the experiment were: K1(100% vegetable garden soil), K2(90% peat 10% perlite), K3(70% peat 30% perlite), K4(50% peat 50% perlite),K5(90% vegetable garden soil 10% perlite), K6(70% vegetable soil 30% perlite), K7(50% vegetable garden soil 50% perlite), K8(20% vegetable garden soil 60% peat 20% perlite), K9(40% vegetable garden soil 40% peat 20% perlite), K10(60% vegetable garden soil 20% peat 20% perlite). Through the analysis of the growth and physiological characteristics of Sapium sebiferum container seedlings, it was found that the effects of the growth and development of Sapium sebiferum container seedlings with different substrate formulations were significantly different (Plt;0.05) combined with the comprehensive evaluation of seedling quality. This experiment used membership function method to screen optimum substrate formulation for Sapium sebiferum container seedlings through the comparison of various indicators. The results of membership function method showed that: K3gt; K2gt; K5gt; K9gt; K7gt; K1gt; K6gt; K10gt; K8gt; K4.

Obviously, the Sapium sebiferum container seedlings cultivated with K3 had a good performance in the comprehensive evaluation of see.

Key words: Sapium sebiferum ; different substrates; container seedling; seedling quality

目 录

前言 1

1文献综述 2

1.1乌桕概述 2

1.1.1乌桕的生物学特性 2

1.1.2乌桕的综合价值 2

1.1.3乌桕的资源分布 3

1.2容器育苗 3

1.2.1容器育苗概述 3

1.2.2育苗容器 4

1.2.3育苗基质 4

1.3苗木质量评价 5

1.3.1形态指标 6

1.3.2生理指标 6

2材料与方法 8

2.1试验地概况 8

2.2试验材料 8

2.2.1试验苗材料 8

2.2.2试验基质材料 8

2.3试验设计 8

2.4取样 9

2.5测定 9

2.5.1苗木形态指标的测定 9

2.5.1.1苗高的测定 9

2.5.1.2 苗木地径的测定 9

2.5.1.3苗木根系的测定 9

2.5.1.4苗木鲜重的测定 9

2.5.1.5苗木干重的测定 9

2.5.2 苗木生理指标的测定 10

2.5.2.1苗木可溶性糖的测定 10

2.5.2.3 苗木全氮含量的测定 10

2.6统计分析 10

3 结果与分析 12

3.1不同基质对乌桕容器苗形态指标的影响 12

3.1.1不同基质对乌桕容器苗苗高的影响 12

3.1.2不同基质对乌桕容器苗地径的影响 12

3.1.3不同基质对乌桕容器苗高径比的影响 12

3.1.4不同基质对乌桕容器苗鲜重的影响 13

3.1.5不同基质对乌桕容器苗干重的影响 14

3.1.6不同基质对乌桕容器苗地上干重的影响 14

3.1.7不同基质对乌桕容器苗地下干重的影响 15

3.1.8不同基质对乌桕容器苗QI的影响 16

3.1.9不同基质对乌桕容器苗根茎比的影响 18

3.1.10不同基质对乌桕容器苗根系总长的影响 18

3.1.11不同基质对乌桕容器苗根系表面积的影响 18

3.1.12不同基质对乌桕容器苗根系体积的影响 18

3.2不同基质对乌桕容器苗生理指标的影响 20

3.2.1不同基质对乌桕容器苗可溶性糖含量的影响 20

3.2.2不同基质对乌桕容器苗可溶性蛋白的影响 21

3.2.3不同基质对乌桕容器苗全氮含量的影响 22