摘 要

本研究调查了南京市紫金山5种林分类型的5块样地，从中选取近200个样本作为研究对象，运用美景度评价法对其进行美学价值评估。试图明晰5种典型林分美学质量差异的原因，为提高森林景观质量提供强有力的支撑。研究结果表明，5种林分类型中，美景度值最高的是枫香阔叶纯林，最低的为朴树糙叶树阔叶混交林，经分析得出以下结论（1）常绿、落叶树种比例协调的植物搭配，美景度高；构景层次、空间序列及线条感较好的景观，美景度高。（2）林分密度、胸径、树高等是影响该地区林内景观质量的重要因子，较好的通透性、较大的平均胸径及树高有利于提高林分美景度,而林分密度和郁闭度增大会给景观美学质量带来负面影响。（3）建议加大对密度较大的林分的抚育间伐强度，提高林分的通透性，以获得较高的森林景观价值。

关键词：美景度评价；风景林；森林美学；南京市紫金山

Investigation on Spring Landscape of 5 Typical Forest Types in Zijin Mountain

ABSTRACT

In the present study, a method based on Scenic Beauty Estimation(SBE) was used to research the forest communities landscape aesthetic in the Zijin Mountain in Nanjing. Almost 200 samples from five typical forest types are considered subjects of survey; Scenic Beauty Estimation Method is used to measure their aesthetic values.The results showed that: Liquidambar formaosana broad leaved forest has the highest SBE, and Celtis sinensisamp;Aphananthe aspera Planch broad leaved forest has the lowest SBE. There are two reasons lead to this result: (1) The qualitative analysis is of the sample with high SBE in spring showed that the plant species with a rational shrub-grass allocation and coordinated proportion of evergreen, deciduous has a high SBE; the landscape with outstanding structure, spatial sequence and contours has a high SBE. (2) Result indicates that the scenic beauty value can be greatly improved by thinning, especially by high-intensity thinning, stand density, diameter at breast height, and canopy closure are main factors influencing landscape quality of different stands in the study area. Better optical porosity, larger diameter at breast height and tree height are helpful to improve the scenic beauty value of the stands, while higher stand density and canopy density will be harmful to scenic beauty.（3）For high stand density forest,the paper suggest improve its optical porosity by strengthening the thinning intensities.

Keywords：Scenic beauty evaluation; scenic forest; forest aesthetics; Nanjing

目 录

1绪论..........…………………………………………………………………………………1

1.1研究背景、目的和意义………………………………………………………………1

1.2森林景观的概念及美学评价…………………………………………………………………1

1.3美景度评价........................................…………………………………………………2

1.3.1美景度评价方法..............................................………………………………………2

1.3.2森林景观美景度评价研究进展................………………………………………………3

2研究地概况、技术路线和研究方法……………...........…………………………………5

2.1研究地概况…….......................………......………………………………………………………5

2.2技术路线………….........................………………………………………………………………5

2.3研究方法………......................................…………................………………………………6

2.3.1样地设置.......................................................………………………………………………6

2.3.2景观照片拍摄与评价...................................………………………………………………6

2.3.3美景度值计算方法..........................................……………………………………7

3美景度评价结果与分析…………………….....…………………………………………………8

3.15种典型林分的美景度定性分析…………………....……………………………………………8

3.1.1马尾松枫香针阔混交林..............…….......................………………………………8

3.1.2马尾松栓皮栎针阔混交林.............................................……....……………………………9

3.1.3朴树糙叶树阔叶混交林.................................................……....……………………….......……10

3.1.4枫香阔叶纯林................................................................……....……………………………11

3.1.5栓皮栎枫香落叶混交林............................................................…………………………..…13

3.1.6 5种典型林分之间美景度对比分析.......................................................……………………………14

4结论………………………………………..............................................................………………………16

致谢………………………..................................................................……………………………..……17

参考文献……………..................................................…………………….........……………………18

1绪论

1.1研究背景、目的及意义

随着社会的经济发展，人们对精神文化的追求以及对自然绿地的渴求与日俱增，森林公园逐渐成为人们日常休憩的首选，森林景观的景观质量则成为是否能够吸引游人的重要因素。于是，如何能营造满足人们审美需求的高质量的森林景观引起了国内外众多学者的关注与讨论。

本文运用美景度评价法，对南京市紫金山5种典型林分的春季景观进行了美学评估，定性分析美景度与景观要素间的关系，探讨造成5种典型林分美学质量差异的原因，为提高森林景观质量提供参考。