银杏接穗位置效应与植物内源激素关系初探毕业论文

 2021-04-19 11:04

摘 要

以取自邳州市的不同树龄和位置的接穗嫁接苗为试验材料,研究了接穗取自同一棵母树基部萌条及树冠上、中、下部和品种为梅核的5、10、20年生母树的嫁接苗新梢生长角度、稍长、基径和ABA、GA3、IAA、ZR含量之间的关系。结果显示:(1)取自基部接穗嫁接苗新梢角度最小,且显著小于其它部位,而不同树龄接穗角度差异不显著,角度最小为5年,其次为10、20年。同时,基部和5年接穗嫁接苗稍长和基径最大;(2)取自基部接穗嫁接苗新梢顶端GA3含量显著高于其它部位接穗,而ABA、IAAZR含量则均低于其它部位。同时,5年生接穗嫁接苗新梢GA3含量高于10和20年生

,而ABA、IAAZR含量则为20年生最高。(3)基部接穗嫁接苗新梢上下侧ABA、GA3IAA含量与其它部位有显著差异,且其他部位之间差异不显著,而上下侧之间仅基部上侧与下侧的GA3、IAA和ZR含量之间有显著差异。5年生嫁接苗新梢上下侧ABAGA3含量有显著差异,10和20年生接穗新梢上下侧之间各激素含量整体没有显著差异。(4)不同部位与不同树龄接穗嫁接苗新梢的角度与稍长、基径均具有较高的负相关性,而稍长与基径均呈正相关性。不同部位新梢角度与稍尖GA3含量和上下侧IAA差值达到极显著负相关,与ZR差值达到负显著相关。不同树龄的新梢角度与上下侧IAA差值亦达到极显著负相关。不同部位与不同树龄新梢的稍长和基径与上下侧IAA差值均达到较高的正相关性。总结:新梢上下两侧的GA3IAA含量差异越大,分枝角度越小。枝条内各个激素的含量影响枝条的长度和基径的大小。越接近基部、且年龄越小的接穗的嫁接苗条直立向上生长,枝条粗壮。

关键词:银杏;嫁接;接穗位置效应;植物内源激素

Preliminary study on the relationship between location effect of ginkgo biloba scion and plant endogenous hormones

Abstract

In order to improve the crown type and quality of ginkgo biloba, we have made the comparison on the different ages and locations of the scion to study on the effects of the content and distribution of plant endogenous hormones on the growth angle of the scion and the effects of different scions on the physiological indexes of the grafted seedlings. The results show that (1) The angle of new shoots from base scion grafted seedlings was the smallest and significantly smaller than that from other parts, but there was no significant difference in the angle of scion among different tree ages. The angle was the smallest for 5 years, followed by 10 and 20 years. At the same time, the base and 5a grafted seedlings were slightly longer and the base diameter was the largest; (2) GA3 content at the top of new shoots from base grafted seedlings was significantly higher than that from other parts, while ABA, IAA and ZR content were lower than that from other parts. At the same time, GA3 content in shoots of grafted seedlings in 5A was higher than that in 10a and 20a, while ABA, IAA and ZR content were the highest in 20A. (3) There were significant differences in ABA, GA3 and IAA contents between the upper and lower parts of the base scion grafted seedlings and other parts, and there were no significant differences between the other parts. There were only significant differences between the upper and lower parts of the base between GA3, IAA and ZR contents. There were significant differences in ABA and GA3 contents between upper and lower shoots of 5A scion grafted seedlings, but there was no significant difference in hormone contents between upper and lower shoots of 10a and 20A scion grafted seedlings. (4) The angle of new shoots of scion grafted seedlings at different parts and ages had a high negative correlation with slightly longer and basal diameter, while slightly longer and basal diameter had a positive correlation. The angle of shoots at different positions was negatively correlated with GA3 content at the tip and IAA difference at the top and bottom, and negatively correlated with ZR difference. There was also a significant negative correlation between the shoot angle of different tree ages and the difference of IAA between upper and lower trees. The difference of IAA between upper and lower parts of shoots and basal diameter of shoots at different parts and ages was positively correlated. Summary: The greater the difference of GA3 and IAA content between the upper and lower sides of shoots, the smaller the branching angle. The contents of hormones in branches affect the length and basal diameter of branches. The nearer to the base and the younger the grafted scions were, the more upright they were and the stronger the branches were.

Key words:ginkgo;location effect ;plant endogenous hormones;grafting

目 录

1 引言 2

2 试验地概况 5

3 材料与方法 6

3.1 实验材料与处理 6

3.2 测量指标与方法 6

3.2.1 新梢生长指标 6

3.2.2 內源激素含量 6

3.3 数据分析 6

4 结果与分析 7

4.1 不同部位穗条的新梢生长指标之间的差异 7

4.2 不同树龄穗条的新梢生长指标之间的差异 8

4.3 不同部位接穗新梢顶端4种內源激素含量比较 8

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