不同种源沙棘种子品质、苗期生长差异性分析毕业论文

 2021-04-21 11:04

摘 要

本研究以沙棘自然分布区内5个省份(自治区)10个产地的种子及其一年生播种苗为研究对象,以播种品质优良、苗期速生为筛选目标,进行种子性状、苗木生长测定试验。通过对种子形态稳定性、种子品质差异的分析,以期为种子的调拨利用以及优良种质种源的筛选提供依据;通过对不同种源一年生沙棘苗苗期主要生长指标测定,初步筛选出速生优良沙棘种源,为以后材沙棘种源的选择开发提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下:

(1)10个种源沙棘种子的千粒重、种长、种宽、种厚及种形系数均存在极显著差异性。沙棘种子长、宽、高以及种形系数的变异系数的从小到大顺序依次是:种宽、种厚、种子长、种形系数。经聚类分析,龙凤沟和老白沟种源种子各性状变异系数最小。

(2)不同种源间的沙棘种子的发芽率、发芽势及发芽天数均达到极显著水平,其中龙凤沟、老白沟、特泥河种源的发芽势、发芽率高,发芽天数短。

(3)10个种源的苗高、地径,苗高月增量、地径月增量及其年增量均存在极显著差异。筛选出苗高和地径速生期均较长的龙凤沟和老白沟种源。

(4)相关性分析表明,种子千粒重越大的种源,其种长、种宽值越大;种子的种长和种宽决定了种形系数;种长变异系数越小,种源的发芽率越高;种宽变异系数越小,种源的发芽势越高;发芽势越高,发芽天数越短,出苗越整齐;种子越宽,发芽天数越短。

(5)初步筛选出播种品质优良的老白沟、龙凤沟、特泥河种源;苗期优良速生的固阳、鄂托克沙棘种源。

关键词:沙棘;种源;种子性状;苗木生长

Differences’ Analysis on Seed Characters and Seedling Growth of

Hippophae rhamnoides L. with Ten Different Provenances

ABSTRACT

In the paper, the seed of Hippophae rhamnoidesfrom 10 natural distribution zone in 5 provinces was collected, and the characteristics of seed and one-year-old seedling were studied, includingseed traits, the growth of one-year-old seedling. Finally, the quality of seed and one-year-old seedling was evaluatedcomprehensivelyby using subordinate function. The results can provide theory foundations for further development of breeding and the development and utilization of Hippophae rhamnoidesL. The main results are as follows: (1)There was very significant difference on 1000-grain weight, seed length, seed width, seed thickness and seed shape coefficient among the ten provenances. The variation coefficients of Long Fenggou, Lao Baigou provenances were the smallest.(2)There was very significant difference on germination percentage, germination energy and the number of germination days among the ten provenances. Long Fenggou, Lao Baigou and Teni River were the high germination percentage, germination energy and the short germination days.(3)There was very significant difference on stem height, ground diameter, monthly increments and annual increments of them among the ten provenances. The stem height, ground diameter of Long Fenggou, Lao Baigou were a relatively long rapid growth stages. (4)The1000-grain weight improved with the increase of seed length and width; Seed length and width decided seed shape coefficient; the variation coefficient of seed length decreased with the increase of germination percentage; the variation coefficient of seed width decreased with the increase of germination energy; the number of germination days shortened with increase of germination energy and seed width. (5)As a conclusion, Seed qualities of Long Fenggou, Lao Baigou and Teni River are the best. And both Gu Yang and Lao Baigou are the best provenances in the seedling stage.

Key words: Hippophae rhamnoides L.; provenance; seed trait; seedling growth

目 录

引言 6

1 文献综述 7

1.1种源研究现状 7

1.1.1种子研究 7

1.1.2苗期生长过程及生长量研究 8

1.2 我国沙棘育种研究概况 9

1.2.1中国沙棘的引种驯化与联合选择 10

1.2.2中国沙棘地理种源和优良类型的选择 11

1.2.3中国沙棘优良个体及优良品种的选育 12

1.2.4中国沙棘杂交育种及杂种的优势利用 13

2 材料与方法 16

2.1 试验地概况 16

2.2试验材料 16

2.3方法 17

2.3.1种子长、宽、厚测定 17

2.3.2 种子千粒重测定 17

2.3.3 种子发芽率、发芽势测测定 17

2.3.4 苗期生长指标测定 17

2.3.5 综合评价并筛选优良叶用沙棘种源 18

2.4数据处理与分析 18

3 结果与分析 19

3.1 不同种源沙棘种子特性分析 19

3.1.1 不同种源沙棘种子千粒重与形状指标稳定性分析 19

3.1.2 不同种子的发芽品质差异分析 22

3.2 不同种源沙棘苗期生长动态分析 23

3.2.1 不同种源沙棘苗苗高生长规律分析 23

3.2.2 不同种源沙棘苗地径生长规律分析 25

3.2.3 不同种源沙棘苗期生长规律差异分析 26

3.3沙棘种子各指标与苗木各指标相关性分析 28

3.4 优良沙棘种源的综合选择 30

3.4.1 优良种质种源的筛选 30

3.4.2 优良苗期速生种源的筛选 30

4 讨论 31

4.1不同种源沙棘种子千粒重及形状指标差异 31

4.2 不同种源一年生沙棘苗期生长差异 32

5 结论 33

致谢 34

参考文献 35

引 言

随着对沙棘的生态、经济和社会价值认识的深入,沙棘在国内大面积种植,但是目前中国沙棘林质量较差,且产量不稳定(句富保,2001),故应选择性状稳定的优良沙棘种源进行种植,并进行推广应用。植物种子性状的稳定性是植物果实性状稳定性的标准(姜翠翠 等,2013),因而,对种子性状稳定性进行研究可作为评价果实性状稳定性的间接手段。此外,种子性状还是植物的一个关键且相对稳定的生活史特征,与种子传播、种子品质、种苗质量、植物生长史以及种子库的持久性等密切相关。优良沙棘种源的选择,除了考虑其生态适应性和果实的经济性状之外,还应考虑果实和种子性状的稳定性,沙棘复杂的生长环境条件,使其果实和种子性状稳定性研究更为重要(赵汉章,1995)。

1 文献综述

您需要先支付 80元 才能查看全部内容!立即支付

课题毕业论文、开题报告、任务书、外文翻译、程序设计、图纸设计等资料可联系客服协助查找,优先添加企业微信。