摘 要

试验以典型的柳树人工林土壤为研究对象，通过挖掘样地土壤剖面，采集土壤分析样品，通过湿筛法测定一年生、三年生和五年生柳树人工林土壤各级团聚体含量，分析团聚体质量变化状况，阐明不同林龄柳树人工林土壤团聚体质量分布特征，为改善土壤结构和水土保持提供科学数据。研究结果表明：（1）试验地的柳树人工林土壤团聚体主要以2-0.25mm粒级团聚体为主，＜0.053mm粒级团聚体最少，0-20cm土层的＞2mm粒级团聚体和2-0.25mm粒级团聚体随着林龄的增加呈明显的上升和下降。（2）上层土壤最稳定，且上层土壤团聚体稳定性由于柳树根系的作用随着林龄的增大而越来越高。（3）种植柳树有利于提高土壤团聚体稳定性，改善土壤结构。

关键词：人工林；柳树；土壤团聚体；土壤结构性

The mass distribution characteristics of the soil aggregate of different forest age willow trees

ABSTRACT

Experiment with typical willow plantation soil as the research object, to dig through the soil profile, collection and analysis of soil samples, by wet sieving method annuals, three years and five years of forest age willow plantation soil aggregate quality, analyze aggregate mass change situation, clarify different forest age of willow plantation soil aggregate mass distribution characteristics, provide scientific data for improving soil fertility and soil and water conservation. The results of the study showed that: (1) the testbed of willow plantation soil aggregate mainly by 2-0.25 mm graded aggregate is given priority to, lt; 0.053 mm graded aggregate, at least 0-20 cm soil layer gt; 2 mm graded aggregate and 2-0.25 mm graded aggregate the rise and fall with the increase of forest age is obvious.(2) the upper soil is the most stable, and the upper soil aggregate stability as a result of the action of the willow tree root is higher and higher with the increase of forest age.(3) planting willow to improve soil aggregate stability, improve soil structure.

Key words：plantation,willow,soil aggregate,soil structural

目 录

1绪论.............................................................................................................................................1

1.1研究的目的与意义.............................................................................................................1

1.2国内外研究进展.................................................................................................................1

1.2.1 土壤团聚体的分类及性质......................................................................................1

1.2.2 农林业生产对土壤团聚体的影响..........................................................................1

2 试验地概况与研究方法............................................................................................................4

2.1试验地概况.........................................................................................................................4

2.2研究方法.............................................................................................................................4

2.2.1 试验地选择..............................................................................................................4

2.2.2 土壤样品采集与处理..............................................................................................4

2.2.3 土样分析项目与方法..............................................................................................4

2.2.4 数据处理..................................................................................................................5

3 结果分析....................................................................................................................................6

3.1 对照样地土壤团聚体的质量分布特征............................................................................6

3.2 一年生柳树人工林土壤团聚体的质量分布特征............................................................7

3.3 三年生柳树人工林土壤团聚体的质量分布特征............................................................8

3.4 五年生柳树人工林土壤团聚体的质量分布特征............................................................9

3.5 不同年生柳树人工林团聚体质量分布变化分析.........................................................10

讨论与结论...................................................................................................................12

致谢...............................................................................................................................................13

文献参考.......................................................................................................................................14

1 绪论

1.1 研究目的和意义

不同的植被、经营时间、管理措施对土壤团聚体的影响是不同的。土壤团聚体作为土壤结构的基本构建单元，是土壤肥力的重要指标之一，团聚体数量与分布状况对土壤孔隙性、通透性、抗蚀性等性质都有不同程度影响，可见其重要性。因此，开展森林植被下土壤团聚体方面的研究，不仅对增加土壤肥力，而且对改善土壤物理性质、增强水土保持功能具有意义。

1.2 国内外研究进展