拟南芥鸟苷酸激酶基因启动子顺式作用元件分析毕业论文

 2021-04-23 10:04

摘 要

鸟苷酸及其代谢衍生物是胞内核酸合成的底物,也是重要的信号分子。鸟苷酸(GMP)通过鸟苷酸激酶(GKs)和核苷二磷酸激酶(NDK)催化,分别产生二磷酸鸟苷(GDP)和三磷酸鸟苷(GTP),GTP在鸟苷酸环化酶(GC)催化下,生成胞内重要的信号分子环化鸟苷酸(cGMP)。GKs直接影响GDP/GMP胞内比例,进而影响cGMP的产生。在原核生物、低等真核生物和节枝动物中,GKs非常保守,突变致死。关于GKs在高等生物中的功能目前还知之甚少。本课题前期工作中发现模式植物拟南芥中一个GK基因突变后,植株胚珠发育异常,导致植株雌性不育。为了更进一步了解该基因的功能,挖掘其表达特征,本课题利用启动子融合GUS 基因的方法, 通过对含有不同启动子序列片段的pBI121::GUS野生拟南芥启动子分析的载体构建,分析比较该基因中GUS表达特异性的结果,确定该基因启动子的有效序列,为解析鸟苷酸激酶基因下一步功能的研究提供线索。

关键词:拟南芥;鸟苷酸激酶;启动子;顺式作用元件

Cis-elements analysis of promoter of Arabidopsisguanylic acid kinase gene AtGK1 in

Abstract

Guanine nucleotide and its metabolic derivatives are substrates of intracellular nucleic acid synthesis, and they are also important signaling molecules. The guanine nucleotide (GMP) is produced by the catalytic activity of the kinase (GKs) and the nucleoside two kinase (NDK), respectively, producing two phosphate (GDP) and three (GTP). Similarly, GTP was catalyzed by the guanine nucleotide cyclase (GC) generating generate intracellular important signal molecules of cyclic guanine (cGMP). GKs directly affect the ratio of GDP/GMP in cell and then influence the production of cGMP. For prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes and animal section of the branch, the GKs are very conservative and easily lethal if they are mutated. The research on the function of GKs in higher organisms is still relatively rare. In our previous work, we found that a GK gene mutation in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana leads to the abnormal development including the female sterility.

In order to further understand the function of this gene and to explore its expression characteristics, this paper took the method of promoter fusion GUS reporter gene. Through the construction of pAtGKs::GUS and the transform of wild Arabidopsis with the constructed vector, we analyzed and compared the express pattern of GUS expression in transgenic plants. These results will provide clues for further studying of the Guanylate metabolism.

Key words:Arabidopsis thaliana; GKs; Promoter; Cis-elements

目录

1 前言………………………………………………………………………………………………1

1.1启动子……………………………………………………………………………………1

1.2启动子分析基本流程……………………………………………………………………2

1.2.1 克隆目的基因启动子……………………………………………………………2

1.2.2 软件预测顺式作用元件及点突变分析…………………………………………2

1.2.3 EMSA实验在体外验证顺式作用元件同反式作用因子的结合…………………2

1.2.4 ChIP实验在体内验证顺式作用元件同反式作用因子的结合…………………3

1.2.5 过表达和干扰反式作用因子情况下用RT-PCR验证目的基因的表达情况……………………………………………………………………………………………………3

1.3 顺式作用元件与反式作用因子…………………………………………………………3

1.4 鸟苷酸激酶………………………………………………………………………………5

1.5 启动子分析的报告基因…………………………………………………………………6

2材料与方法………………………………………………………………………………………7

2.1 植物材料…………………………………………………………………………………7

2.2 基因组DNA提取…………………………………………………………………………7

2.2.1 提取原理…………………………………………………………………………7

2.2.2 主要配方…………………………………………………………………………7

2.2.3 实验步骤…………………………………………………………………………7

2.3 PCR扩增…………………………………………………………………………………8

2.3.1 原理………………………………………………………………………………8

2.3.2 实验材料…………………………………………………………………………9

2.3.3 实验步骤…………………………………………………………………………9

2.4 双元载体构建…………………………………………………………………………10

2.5 GUS组织化学染色……………………………………………………………………10

3 结果与分析……………………………………………………………………………………11

3.1 AtGK1启动子全长序列克隆…………………………………………………………11

3.2 p2068::GUS双元表达载体构建………………………………………………………11

3.3pAtGK1-1568::GUS双元表达载体构建………………………………………………13

3.4 pAtGK1-546::GUS双元表达载体构建………………………………………………14

3.5 不同长度AtGK1启动子的GUS表达差异……………………………………………14

致谢………………………………………………………………………………………………16

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………………17

1前言

1.1 启动子

启动子(promoter)是一段供RNA聚合酶特异性识别、结合和起始转录的DNA序列,它位于基因的上游。其长度因生物种类而异,一般不超过200bp。一旦RNA聚合酶定位并结合到启动子序列上,即可启动转录。

位于编码区上游的非编码区中,含有丰富的转录因子结合位点(transcriptionfactorbindingsites,TFBS)。主要包含核心启动子区域(TSS附近-60bp到 40bp)和调控区域。核心启动子区域产生基础水平的转录,对于精确转录是必须的最小单元;调控区域能够对不同的环境条件作出应答,对基因的表达水平做出相应的调节。

典型的启动子由TATA框及上游的CAAT框和(或)GC框组成,这类启动子通常具有一个转录起始点及较高的转录活性。主要包括以下两个序列:

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