摘 要

青钱柳是国家重点保护的重要的药用植物之一，主要适生于山地上，人工林立地条件较差，而植物获取和利用土壤的物质和能量是通过根系得以实现的。因此，良好的根系构型不仅提高了根系对土壤养分和水分利用的效率，而且也是构建稳定生态群落的基础。本文通过探讨土壤类型和施肥对人工林青钱柳根系构型的影响规律并且利用最新激光3D扫描技术对比不同处理根系的差异性，可为今后营造青钱柳人工林提供一定的基础。我们通过施用固氮菌肥、解磷菌肥对白马基地、石台两地的青钱柳进行处理比较，得到结论如下：(1)施用生物菌肥可以显著提高青钱柳根系水平分布。(2)相同条件下石砾较少区域更适合青钱柳根系的生长。(3)山地沙壤土区比平原红棕壤土区青钱柳根系生长的更加强壮稳固。(4)总体而言，施用固氮菌肥的青钱柳更有利于其根系的生长。

将这些实验结论有效的应用于青钱柳栽培管理中，有利于解决青钱柳人工林根系的生长问题，对青钱柳栽培、生长、施肥、管理具有指导意义。

关键词：青钱柳；生物菌肥；根系构型；根系生物量

The difference of the root structure of Cyclocarya paliurus in different soil types

ABSTRACT

C. paliurus is one of the most important medicinal plants protected by our country and is mainly suitable for mountain. However, the site condition of artificial forest is poor and the most energy of soil are obtained and utilized by plants through the root system. Therefore, efficient root configuration not only improves the efficiency of soil nutrient and water use, but also is the basis of constructing stable ecological community. In this paper, the effects of soil types and fertilization on the root structure of C. paliurus were studied, and the variances of different treatments were compared by using the latest laser 3D scanning technique, which could provide a basis for the cultivation of the plantation of C. paliurus in the future. We applied nitrogen-fixing bacteria fertilizer and Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria fertilizer and compared the treatment of C. paliurus in Baima base and Shitai, and got the conclusion as follows:(1)The application of bio-fertilizer could significantly improve the horizontal distribution of the root system of C. paliurus.(2)Under the same conditions, the area with less gravel is more suitable for the growth of the root system of C. paliurus.(3)The root system of C. paliurus was stronger and more stable in the sandy soil area than in the red brown soil region of the plain.(4)In general, applying nitrogen-fixing bacterial fertilizer was more favorable to the growth of root system.

These conclusions can be effectively applied to the cultivation and management of C. paliurus, which is helpful to solve the problem of root system growth of C. paliurus, and has a guiding significance for the cultivation, growth, fertilization and management of C. paliurus.

Keywords: Cyclocarya paliurus; bio-fertilizer; root configuration；root biomass

目 录

1 前言 - 1 -

1.1 青钱柳简介 - 1 -

1.2 植物根系研究 - 2 -

1.2.1 根系调查 - 2 -

1.2.2 土壤与根系的关系 - 3 -

1.3 生物菌肥 - 3 -

1.3.1 生物菌肥研究背景 - 3 -

1.3.2 生物菌肥的应用 - 4 -

1.3.3 生物菌肥与根系 - 5 -

2 试验材料与方法 - 6 -

2.1 试验材料 - 6 -

2.2 试验方法 - 6 -

2.3 测定指标和方法 - 6 -

2.4 数据处理 - 7 -

3 结果与分析 - 8 -

3.1 土壤基本性状 - 8 -

3.2 根系分布范围 - 8 -

3.3 根系生物量 - 9 -

3.4 根系3D构型分析 - 10 -

结 论 - 12 -

致 谢 - 13 -

参考文献 - 14 -