摘 要

玉簪是我国著名的传统香花，它具有较强的生态适应性，是集观赏、食用、药用等多种价值于一身的特色花卉。本试验以六个不同品种花叶玉簪（“火与冰”、“梦想”、“法兰西”、“斯巴达克斯”、“金边紫萼”、“神枪手”）为试验材料，研究其可溶性蛋白、过氧化氢含量，抗氧化酶活性及同工酶谱。

结果显示：玉簪叶片栅栏组织与海绵组织分化不明显，“梦想”、“斯巴达克斯”、“金边紫萼”叶片中叶绿体含量较高；“法兰西”中可溶性蛋白、H₂O₂含量均为最高，分别为2.65 mg/gFW、14.04 mmol/gprot，但POD、SOD、CAT活性均偏低，抗逆性较差；POD、SOD、CAT活性最强的分别为“梦想”（76.33 U/mgprot）、“火与冰”（68.96 U/mgprot）、“梦想”（21.5 U/mgprot）。

研究认为：抗氧化酶活性与同工酶谱在一定程度上能反映植物抗逆性的强弱，“梦想”玉簪抗氧化酶活性均较高，推测其抗逆性较强，其中SOD、POD起关键性作用。本研究结果对深入研究玉簪的抗逆性，培养和选育玉簪优良品种具有重要意义。

关键词：玉簪；叶片组织结构；抗氧化酶；同工酶酶谱

Study on the antioxidant activity of six varieties

of Hosta plantaginea

ABSTRACT

Hosta plantaginea, a famous traditional fragrant flower in China, has strong ecological adaptability. It is a special flower with many different values including nutritional function, medical and ornamental use. In this study, soluble protein, hydrogen peroxide content, antioxidant enzymes activities and isozyme profiles in six varieties of H. plantaginea (H. ‘Fire and ice’, H. ‘Dream’, H. ‘Francee’, H. ‘Spartacus’, H. ‘Aureomarginata’ and H. ‘Sharpshooter’ ) were investigated.

The results showed that there was no obvious difference between palisade and spongy tissue in the leaves of Hosta. The amount of leaf chloroplasts in H. ‘Dream’, H. ‘Spartacus’ and H. ‘Aureomarginata’ is relatively high compared to other varieties. The content of soluble protein (2.65 mg/gFW) and H₂O₂ (14.04 mmol/gprot) in H. ‘Francee’ is the highest among the six varieties, whereas, the activities of POD, SOD and CAT in it were the lowest, which means poor resistant ability of H. ‘Francee’ has to adversity. Moreover, the highest activity of POD, SOD and CAT were found in H. ‘Dream’ (76.33 U/mgprot), H. ‘Fire and ice’ (68.96 U/mgprot) and H. ‘Dream’ (21.5 U/mgprot), respectively.

Altogether, these results suggested that the activities of antioxidant enzymes and isozyme profiles could reflect plants’ resistance to adversity to some extents. H. ‘Dream’ has a higher resistance owing to its higher activities of anti-oxidase, in which SOD, POD play a key role. This study is of great significance for further study of Hosta resistance, cultivation and breeding of better varieties.

Key words：Hosta plantaginea ; leaf tissue structure ; antioxidant enzyme ; isozyme profile

目 录

0 前言…………........…………………………………………............................…………..............……....1

1 文献综述…….........…………………………………………............................…………..............……...2

1.1 玉簪研究概况…..........…………………………………………............................………….…......2

1.1.1 玉簪形态特征及分布...............………………………………………................……...........2

1.1.2 玉簪属植物化学成分研究进展…..…………………………………………................…....3

1.1.2.1 多糖…….....................................................................................................................3

1.1.2.2 黄酮….........................................................................................................................3

1.1.2.3 皂苷............……………………….............................................................................3

1.1.2.4 微量元素…….............................................................................................................3

1.1.3 玉簪离体快繁技术研究进展………………………..............................................................3

1.2 花叶植物抗氧化性研究进展……......…………...……………………………………….................4

1.2.1 抗氧化酶研究近况…............………………………………………......................…........…4

1.2.1.1 过氧化物酶（POD）……………………….................................................................4

1.2.1.2 超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）………………….................................................................4

1.2.1.3 过氧化氢酶（CAT）………………….........................................................................5

1.3 玉簪的开发利用………………….......................................................................................................5

1.3.1 园林观赏…………………........................................................................................................5

1.3.1.1 花镜式应用……...........................................................................................................5

1.3.1.2 林下地被造景…….......................................................................................................5

1.3.1.3 盆栽点缀观赏…….......................................................................................................5